How do data, emails, money transfers and digital communications travel to Europe or Asia? Virtually all trans-oceanic data now travel by undersea fibre-optic cables, not via satellites. Undersea cables have a long history, and have become increasingly important as the world has become more interdependent and as communication technology was developed. As the cable infrastructure has grown, it has become clear that there are security implications. Even at the bottom of the ocean, cables are vulnerable Intentional human actions to damage undersea cables have been rare thus far, but they could be tempting targets for a state-based forces or non-state actors. These cables are important to citizens and businesses, but also to militaries that rely on information and communication.
If you want to know more about these hidden but hugely important cables, you should read the Naval Association of Canada Briefing Note about them, at https://www.navalassoc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/BN28-Cables.pdf
